Which of the following modifications to an organism can result from bacterial transformation?

Bacterial transformation involves the uptake of foreign DNA by bacteria, leading to modifications in their genetic makeup. This process can enable bacteria to express new traits that they did not previously have. One of the significant outcomes of bacterial transformation is the ability to produce therapeutic proteins, such as insulin.

When bacterial cells take up the plasmids containing the gene for insulin through transformation, they can then be induced to express that gene, leading to the production of human insulin. This has vital applications in medicine, particularly for individuals with diabetes who require insulin to regulate their blood sugar levels. Using bacterial transformation to produce proteins like insulin is a fundamental aspect of biotechnology and genetic engineering.

The other potential modifications, although interesting, do not primarily result from the process of bacterial transformation as commonly understood in biomedicine and genetic engineering.