What type of charge does DNA possess?

DNA carries a negative charge due to the presence of phosphate groups in its backbone. Each phosphate group has a negative oxygen atom that contributes to the overall negative charge of the DNA molecule. This characteristic is important for various biological processes, including the interactions between DNA and proteins, such as histones, that help in DNA packaging within the nucleus. The negative charge also plays a significant role during techniques such as gel electrophoresis, where DNA moves towards the positively charged electrode, allowing for its separation based on size. This fundamental aspect of DNA structure is crucial for understanding its behavior in cells and its manipulation in laboratory settings.