What does the central dogma of biotechnology describe?

The central dogma of biotechnology describes the flow of genetic information in cells, which includes processes such as transcription and translation. This means that genetic information is first transcribed from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) and then translated into proteins, which carry out various functions within the cell. Understanding this flow is crucial because it underpins how genes express traits and how these processes can be manipulated in biotechnology applications for everything from gene therapy to the creation of genetically modified organisms. The focus on genetic information highlights its role as the blueprint for cellular functions and the basis for inheritance, which is fundamental to both biological science and biotechnology practices.